ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Since the presence of a co-driver can be considered as a companion, partner, or friend for a driver through eliminating driver's loneliness, it plays a significant role in health and safety of drivers. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of co-drivers on depression and occupational stress on male truck drivers. METHODS: This study was an interventional case-control study. Seventy truck drivers were selected and divided into two groups: case (33 truck drivers with co-drivers) and control (37 truck drivers without co-drivers). Two Goldberg depression inventories (for evaluating driver's depression) and the Karasek job content questionnaire (for evaluating driver's job stress) were used to collect data which were completed by interview. RESULTS: The results showed that job content values for the case group were higher in all dimensions except job nature. The comparison of the percentages showed significant difference between two groups. Depression rate in drivers with co-driver is truly less than depression rate in drivers without co-driver. There was significant positive relationship between dimensions of job content and depression rate. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, it can be claimed that a co-driver decreases stress and loneliness of drivers, as well as increases work performance and job satisfaction, and, in turn, leads to a decrease in job-related depression.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Depression , Equipment and Supplies , Friends , Job Satisfaction , Loneliness , Motor Vehicles , Work PerformanceABSTRACT
Background: Streptokinase, the most well-known fibrinolytic drug, has long been used in the treatment of myocardial infarction. This enzyme is produced from beta-hemolytic bacteria. In this study, the Streptokinase enzyme was extracted from Streptococcus agalactia strain with ATCC12386, isolated from the throat.
Materials and methods: After cultivating the bacteria in the Blood agar medium and evaluating their aggressive activity, the bacteria were transferred to the BHI broth medium and after incubation at 37 ° C for 24 hours, centrifuge was carried out at 4 ° C for 10000 g for 30 minutes. The contents of the tubes were separated by 0.45 micron acetate cellulose filter and the filters were considered as crude enzymes until fibrinolysis activity and non-toxicity test were performed
Results: Among the extracted enzymes, the enzymes of the shamrock 2, 6, 10, 13, 14, 29 and 27 had fibrinolytic activity higher than 30 percent and extraction enzyme from the standard bacteria had less fibrinolysis activity. The toxicity of the extracellular enzyme was lower than that of other samples in 24 hours and 48 hours
Conclusion: Extracting enzymes have a fibrinolysis effect, and this effect is higher in the bacteria isolated from the throat than the standard bacteria. The toxicity of the enzymes varies with time and concentration. It decreases with decreasing toxicity and increases with increasing time. And it can be described as a new, low-risk, and natural remedy for the elimination of blood clot sound
ABSTRACT
A stability indicating High-Performance Liquid Chromatography [HPLC] method was validated and used to study the degradation of cetirizine dihydrochloride in acidic and oxidative conditions. The separation was carried out on a Symmetry C18 column and a mixture of 50 mM KH[2]PO[4] and acetonitrile [60:40 v/v, pH = 3.5] was used as the mobile phase. The method was linear over the range of 1-20 micro g/mL of cetirizine dihydrochloride [r[2] > 0.999] and the within-day and between-day precision values were less than 1.5%. The results showed that cetirizine dihydrochloride was unstable in 2 M HCl and 0.5% H[2]O[2]. The kinetics of the acidic degradation showed a pseudo-first-order reaction in the temperature range of 70-90[degree sign]C. In addition, the kinetics of hydrogen peroxide mediated degradation was pseudo-first-order in the temperature range of 50-80[degree sign]C